What You Need to Know About Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple Sclerosis Awareness Week is March 8-14. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and unpredictable neurological disease that affects the central nervous system, made up of the brain, spinal cord and optic nerves. Dr. Ahmad Sabouni, a neurologist at Covenant, shares his knowledge about MS:

• MS is an autoimmune disease that affects the brain, spinal cord and optic nerves.
• MS causes a misunderstanding in the body. The immune system is told that the brain and spinal cord are enemies and spontaneously attacks them.
• Studies have found that MS does have some genetic factors, but these factors are little-known and inconsistent.
• Example: If one twin has MS, the other is 30% more likely to develop it.

• MS is usually diagnosed in people between the ages of 20 and 40.
• It starts with a sudden onset of neurological problems, as well as unusual problems with vision and balance.
• Many tests are conducted before a patient can be definitively diagnosed with MS. First, an MRI is taken of the patients’ brain and spinal cord. This is usually followed by a spinal tap procedure.
• MS is chronic, but affects only one small part of the brain at a time. Because of this, symptoms continually heal and are replaced by new symptoms as different parts of the brain are affected.
• There is currently no cure for MS, but there are a variety of treatments. Treatments vary due to progression, aggression and form of MS.
• Popular treatments include various injections, chemotherapy and a medication called Tysabri.

• People who live in the North are typically more likely to develop MS. This finding suggests that cold weather may be a factor.

Dr. Sabouni urges patients, especially those between the ages of 20 and 40, who develop new neurological symptoms to visit their doctor immediately. The earlier MS is diagnosed, the better physicians are able to treat it.